Mitochondrial physiology

Authors

  • Erich Gnaiger
  • MitoEAGLE Task Group

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26124/bec:2020-0001.v1

Keywords:

Uncoupling , SI - The International System of Units , Residual oxygen consumption, Protonmotive force, Phosphorylation efficiency, Oxygen, Oxidative phosphorylation, Normalization of rate , Respiratory states, Mitochondrial preparations, Mitochondrial marker, LEAK respiration, IUPAC, Flux control ratio, Flux, Flow, Electron transfer pathway, Coupling-control ratio, Cell count

Abstract

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery.

Cite:

Gnaiger E - MitoEAGLE Task Group (2020) Mitochondrial physiology. Bioenerg Commun 2020.1. https://doi.org/10.26124/bec:2020-0001.v1

Author Biography

Published

2020-05-20

Issue

Section

Living Communications

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